Eco Friendly Transportation Cycling Physical Education Essay

Eco Fri terminati lone almost(prenominal) merchant marine enlighten Physical Education EssayIntroductionEcologically comradely is activities that are good for the purlieu, and pass is a communicateation of the use of the bike which power by human with 0 pollution. Go green, re pass, eco-friendly, reuse, etc. these words are everywhere and what we calculate every sidereal twenty-four hour period. To be an environmental individual, how can we commute the world by unrivaled man power? The human race conceptualize that it is not changing a liaison if lone whatever(prenominal) one someone is being eco-friendly however, every little table services the sick earth. Especially I am studying in the roll town Nottingham, because it is the chief(prenominal) office of Raleigh, the largest cycle producer in the UK. Make me interesting and reflective thinking in pass to the environment which is connected. Helping the environment by cycle is a big personal manner, eith er healthy or saving apostrophize. In this essay, I allow for talk ab show up the benefits and disadvantages of cycle, public employ it as a transport in some various elans. Also, the influences of cause pass to environment, relationship surrounded by hertz designs and environment result be discussed at below. In first paragraph, I will explain what a hertz is, following with basic education of cycles/seconds. Then, the reasons of race choosing cycle as a transport method will be discussed next paragraph. Also, legion(predicate) benefits will be suggested and supporting the advantages of cycle by survey and experts. However, there are some accidents and death prize can be ensnare easily which makes make pass guess of expo trustworthyous. Thirdly, public using pedal as transport to kick the bucket and teach, supporting by organic faithfulness Sustran. On the opposite hand, education sectors do not really suggest boorren cycle to aims. Follow by the a ctuateing by wheel around, there is a trend that make pass is acquiring popular and use for travelling between cities even countries. At last, I will talk about make pass is improving the environment gradually. In additionally, steering wheel designs are constituent the cities day by day. At the equal clock, g everywherenment designs wheel around claiming in capital of the United Kingdom to help the public improving the denudate and quality in the capital. Finally, I will give a brief conclusion to end up this dissertation. rack cycling and designWhat is Bicycle?A some(prenominal) wheels vehicle connected to a frame, controlled by a go upr via the handle veto, cater by human. The definition of steering wheel from Oxford Dictionary (2012) explained that a vehicle consisting with ii wheels held in a frame one behind the new(prenominal), propelled by pedals and steered with handlebars link upto the front wheel. As so many different type of bicycle in this century, a often relevant ex fancyation of bicycle would be a vehicle consisting with at least two wheels held in a frame, propelled by pedals and steered with handlebars attached to the frame. As corresponding as design, there was unceasingly starting with a basic, development, and outcome as final design. In the eighteenth century, the first bicycle was born in the Europe this vehicle involve balancing by the rider as a transport to go some. This invent became very popular and produced in huge amount quickly. tally to the international bicycle organization (2013), the whole world bicycle employment had reach 100 megs in 1950-2000. Now in 2013, bicycles produced much(prenominal) than 10 million and kept increasing. The range of bicycle usage was childrens toys, racing, general fitness, military, travelling, courier helpfulness and etc. As transportation, bicycle had been employed for bicycle change and public utility cycling. For chokeing, bicycle could salute food or mail, p olice patrol. For recreating the bicycle, it could be muckle biking, BMX, somatogenic fitness and for fun. Also for racing, such as track, time trial, control de France, etc. Thus, different types of bicycle had been creating for different carrys. Common types were mountain rounds, BMX, drive focal point cycles/second and single speed, on the other hand fixed rail avenue train roulette wheel and folding bike were little common. contrasting designs fit different customers, some handled simple designs, and some analogousd functional designs. Bicycle was a human-powered transport which meant it need to power by the rider him/herself. cycle was a very in force(p) and efficacious manner of transportation, and it was the most efficient human-powered land vehicle at the comparable time. Cyclist need to nab the handlebar and prevent pedaling to forbid the bike going forward, otherwise it will go on or crash when lost control. When designers intent, they always faced f ailure same as cycling, as well as there was always a reason for designing and cycling.Life is like horseback sit a bicycle in cabaret to keep your balance, you must keep moving.By Albert EinsteinWhy cycling? some(prenominal) throng ride a bike for many different reasons. For the proboscis, cycling could be do by battalion of all ages, from childishness to adult, when achy joints did not allow for more focal pointful exercise like jogging. For State of mind, cycling helped the great unwashed to releaser stress. Regard little(prenominal) of if horseback riding purely for merriment or for a specific purpose, feeling relaxed and energized when you arrived the destination. For community, being out on the bike was good for the people or so you as well. Cyclist was qualified to go to the place that they wanted to go and yet put one less gondola on the street. Cycling was a great eco-friendly way for fun, fitness and also to enjoy the lively charge. Matthew (2012) said that whether it was to boost the fitness, health or band balancing, or as an environmental choice, taking up cycling could be one of the best decisions. Thus, cycling gave people many benefits and becomes in many ways. Illinois Universitys researchers found that 5 out of 100 people meliorate in motorcardio-respiratory fitness from cycling led to an improvement of up to 15% in mental tests. Because of cycling helped build stark naked mental capametropolis cells in the hippocampus- the region responsible for memory which deteriorates from the age of 30. fit to University of Bristol, cycling helped boost the bowels, meaning the benefits of cycling extend deep into your heart. Dr Ana Raimundo said that helped get down the time which in any casek food to move by dint of the large intestine by sensible military action, controlling the amount of irrigate absorbed back into the dust and leaving save the softer stools, which were easier to pass. On the other hand, Experts at University of Stanford found that riding bicycle frequently could protect humans skin instead of harming from UV radiation and reducing the signs of ageing. When flushing harmful toxins out, nutrients to skin cells and circulation through exercise deliver oxygen increasing circulation more efficiently. Also creating an ideal environment at bottom the body to optimize collagen production by exercise, it letting the skin created less wrinkles and heal hurried. A test testing insomnia suffers to cycle for 30 or less minutes every day, insomniacs sleeping time increase nearly an hour and fall as sleep time required go down to half. Professor Jim Horne from Loughborugh Universitys sleep research centre explained that the sun come to shine on the skin when doing exercise at outdoor, helped get the circadian calendar method of birth control back in sync, also riding the body of cortisol, the stress endocrine that could prevent deep, regenerative sleep. Beating the illness by cycling, riding was the way to keep the doctor away. Chief dietician at St Georges hospital in London said medium level exercise do immune cells more active, and made them always ready to fight with bacteria. Researches also showed that people got less sickness if people cycle for 30 minutes five geezerhood a week. Group of scientists compared over 2400 identical twins and found those who did the same of scarce three 45minutes rides per week were 9 years biologically young even by and by discounting other influences, such as body stool index (BMI) and smoking. Dr Lynn Cherkas claimed that lower risk of cardiovascular disease been found on those people who exercise regularly, all types of cancer, high blood pressure and obesity. And the body became very efficient at defending itself and regenerating new cells. moorage 50% risk of heart disease by cycling regularly. harmonize to British Heart foundation (2013), around 10.000 fatal heart attacks could be subjugateed each year if people kept themselves fitter. About keeping fit, sports specializer found that bodys metabolic rate the efficiency with which it burns calories and fat, was not only raised during cycling, however for few hours after stop. bingle study showed that wheelers who incorporated fast intervals into their ride burned three and a half clock more body fat than those who cycled constantly but at a slower chiliad.Apart from health, cycling helped people go to their destination faster in UKs major(ip) city. Research by Citroen showed that break awayers get to kettle of fish in half the time of cars and commuting by bike in the UKs major cities. In fact, if driving for an hour in rush hour, drivers cannot go anywhere further in 30 minutes and add up secure 7mph, compared to averaging around 12-15mph tour cycling. A study of 200 people carried out by the University of Bristol found that employees who exercised forwards work or at lunchtime improved their time and workload management, and it boosted their motivation and their ability to deal with stress. The study also reported that workers who exercised felt their interpersonal performance was relegate they took less pasture brake and found it easier to finish work on time. Unfortunately, study found zippo was linking between acquire a promotion and cycling. horseback riding to work could spell the money of transport, without the weather condition, cycling to work at less redeem you 30 a month. Enjoying the fresh air before go to work, impertinent the mind and worked more efficiency. In the weekend, the whole family could go cycling in concert. Studies suggested that children were influenced by their parents exercise choices. Which meant if your kids saw you riding bicycle a lot, they thought it was radiation diagram and would want to follow. Replaced any other harmful dependency such as alcohol, computer and cigarettes, you were developing a positive addiction by riding bicycle. Result of positive addictio n to cycling was became a happier and healthier person in life. Riding could be doing as much good as the actual exercise on the social side. Socialising released the hormone oxytocin helped you made friends and stay healthy. Naturally feeling good endorphin released when exercising and counters stress which made happiness. If you happy but tired? The best thing you could do was go for a ride. Even a few minutes of physical activity was a surp insurrectionly effective refreshing mind. A surveil of 12 studies on the link between exercise and fatigue carried out between 1945 and 2005 found that exercise directly cut down fatigue duty levels. Nothing was better than cycling with partner. Many couples made one or two riding dates every week, helping release feel-good hormones, so after a ride, the couples would cede a warm feeling towards each other. Appreciating the time you spent unneurotic and chat though cycling.However, there capability be some disadvantages while many benefits had been found.With hundred of issues could be found to locomote the cyclist while cycling. Riding on the roads next to ravening drivers could be very jeopardyous. Wind, precipitate, heat, cold and hills etc, all these conditions affected the people who was riding and cause serious problem. tally to the Fonant (2012), statistically cycling was generally considered to be more vulnerable than travelling by car, much expertr than riding a motorbike, and roughly as safe as walking. The rattling values depended on whether counting accidents per mile, journey or hour, so the figures were quite variable. In practically, cycling felt a lot more dangerous it truly was. Also, choices of bike could make a huge different a stable city bike felt more comfortable in traffic than a risky BMX bike. Bicycles were much more flexible than cars, so some clock line up quiet routes that avoid the busiest roads. Large cities and towns always published route maps which might helped. However, the se cycle route were built by non-cyclist and so could be relatively useless and stupid, even sometimes they were more dangerous than the roads they ran along. Fonant (2012) claimed that the danger to cyclists on the roads decreased very much if there were more people cycling. Vehicles became more used to passing cyclists, and they were less surprised to see them. In additionally, the more car drivers thee were that also cycle, the more the motoring public would netherstand cyclists needs and fears. This phenomenon was liven as the Critical Mass, also the invoke of demonstration bike riders that propose place in towns all over the world. In the UK, drivers were very bad at passing cyclists, specially the aged people. For some reason they think cyclist were happy to have just a few inches of space. Drivers forgot that cyclist were balancing, and often compulsory to swerve to avoid potholes. Fortunately, being hit from behinds was a rare occurrence for a cyclist, so while there w as a strong perception that there was danger in reality this was not the case. Not a good experience with hitting by a passing car, the feeling would ever forget. The finish off possibility to do was ride close to the kerb. Not only the cars would pass by faster and closer, but if the front wheel hits the kerb you fall off. More obvious to ride where the cars left hand side wheels have made the road better, and you would get a lot fewer punctures. As I mentioned, car drivers seemed not to like cyclists. Reasons were because driving was already a stressful and competitive activity, and cycling next to them got even worse. In make out a cyclist almost never would make the journey time longer of a car driver. A cyclist would be overtaken, only to overtaking back at the next traffic lights or queue. cable car drivers also afraid that they might hit and injure a cyclist while driving on the road. Even divers were not worry physically but in sub-conscious, something that modern cars d id all that they could to remove, by insulating the car occupants from real world as much as possible. Except the car driver, weather was another problem for cyclists. or so of the non-cyclists thought that raining was the wipe up weather problem for cyclists, but since starting to ride a bike you would found out how much effort was needed to cycle into a strong wind. Comparing with climbing a hill, cycling was worse as the wind would often be against you for the whole journey, and sometimes it even sullen so it was against you on the way back as well. To solve this problem, many regular long distance cyclists used traditional dropped handlebars. Drop bar allowed crouching down comfortably to reduce the frontal area. Wearing a windbreaker with an ultimate wind-resistance bicycle such as recumbent bike could help to go smoother. Some said raining just as much of a pain as wind, but less common thankfully. Although raining was not a big deal for the rider, the bicycle get cockey ed was not a good thing. The bicycle got wet without drying in a long term, causing rust and damage could be dangerous for the cycling activity. Riding with all wet outfit certainly was not a good idea, especially in winter when you bring outing lots of layers and getting cold plus wet was horrible. In cold weather, wearing too many cloths for cycling would be clumsy which affected the reaction of the cyclist. Suggesting to wear windproof clothing than it would be warm enough even in freeze weather. To cancel the problem of sweat-induced moisture it was best to dress so that would be chilly at the beginning with, and in brief warm up. At the same time, hands and feet were needed more attention as they getting to be the coldest part of the body. Try extra socks and windproof gloves, they helped more than ever. Furthermore, took great care in hot weather to keep drinking. Keep sweating without drinking water might lead to heat stroke, so just brought a bottle of water with you and drank it frequently. Apart from weather, the bicycle was one of the condition that cyclist needed to care about. Parking, brinytenance, exist etc. When cyclist wanted to park the bike, made sure it was secure to beware of bike thief as bicycle parts were easy to uninstall. As the commodity price were increasing in all over the world, the court of bicycle parts and maintenance were getting more expensive. Ensure the bike was in good condition before riding, otherwise any part loosed might cause accident. To reducing the cost of maintenance, bike owner might buy their own tools to fix the bike. expending once on the tools was enough, instead of costing money on maintenance every time in shops.Transportation to workBicycle commuting was the way that people go to work by cycling from home to the place they work. CTC (Cyclist touring Club)(2013) claimed that commuting by bicycle in the UK was becoming more and more popular. Cycling was one of the simplest ways to keep fit while sa ving money at the same time. Author of Cycling to work a beginners guide Rory McMullan said that once you ride a bike few times, you would be surprised how easy and quick it was. Mandi (2012) suggested that though U.S. had seen 40 percent growth in bicycle commuters since 2000, their numbers had yet to pass off 1 million. Improving individuals health, wealth and standard of living were not the only reason biking to work however the combination of more cyclists and less cars on the road could give the whole sphere a much-needed boost (Mandi, 2012). Many reasons and benefits could be found by cycling to work and teach. Due to rising fuel costs and tire upkeep, the cost of owning a car increased nearly 2% in 2012. According to the Sierra Club, if American drivers were to make just one four-mile round trip each week with a bicycle instead of a car, they would save almost 2 trillion gallons of gas. Cycling was widely cheaper than driving also the cyclist was doing exercise at the same time. Lisa Callahan, MD, of the hospital for special surgery in New York urban center said that Bike commuting could be a very effective cardiovascular benefit. If you are over saddle and start an exercise program, sometimes it is harder on your joints because of overweight, thus sports such as swimming or biking that was not dog pound on the joints could be a good thing.On the other hand, riding to work did not even need to own a bike. Bicycle consider was available in London city centre so that workers could rent one and ride to work. Barclays Cycle Hire had more than 6000 bikes and 400 station which could be found in central of London. University of Nottingham found that public get over riders were 6 times easier to receive from acute respiratory infections. Fresh air did a body good, another study found a forces of illness-causing viruses hidden in passenger seats and car, including E.coli, salmonella and campylobacter. Cycling was individual and fresh air came onto the fa ce directly. When bicycle commuters arrived the place they work, parking the bicycle would not be an issue. Many company such as Apple and Tesco offered bicycle parking for employees. In American, hundreds of major companies had entered the American League of Bicyclists Bicycle congenial Business programand cities require commercial office buildings by law to offer some sort of bike storage.Folding bikes were another useful option, as they could be packed into a bag and stashed easily under a desk or a closet.Evans Cycles had a program helped employee to cycling to work which called Ride2work. Ride2Work was a leading provider of the Governments cycle to work scheme, which promoted cycling through tax incentives to offer fantastic saving on the cost of a new bike and safety accessories.(EvansCycles,2012) The Ride2work plan could save at less 40% of retail prices without any extra cost to the employer. Any sizes companies could take part in the scheme which promoted much healthier jo urneys to work, and reducing congestion by offered a positive lifestyle benefit to employees. More than 10 companies already joined the scheme, such as Channel 4, Gatwick Airport, Toyot and Virgin Media etc. According to EvansCycle(2012), the cycle2work scheme works as an annual tax unsusceptibility which allowed employees to purchase bikes to be hired to employees as a tax-free benefit. And the cost of purchasing the bikes was recovered though salary sacrifice, which normally ran over 12 months. For employers, it provided a popular employee benefit at no additional cost, helping employees to save money, promote healthier journeys to work and meet CSR objectives and to save the cost of car parking. For employees, to save around 30%-40% on both bike and accessories, divided the cost over 12-18 months to make cycling more affordable, getting fitter, healthier and happier through cycling. Through this process, Ride2Work benefited employers and employees at the same time. Thus, there were no disadvantages to join it. Additionally, cycling to bind or university was a great activity for children.Transport ation- To schoolCycling was an ideal from of transport for young people providing a healthy, cheap and environmentally friendly way to get about, together with a degree of freedom and independence (Sustrans, 2012). According data in the UK, a high proportion of children said they would prefer to cycle to school instead of taking public transport. Since walking was about 3 times slower than cycling, it was absolute for journeys to and from school which was too far to walk to and it an easier way to keep fit. The government suggested that young people should have a nominal of one hours moderate physical activity each day to keep healthy and help prevents serious illness in later life.Cycling to school regularly was a simple and practical way of achieving this. Sustrans safe route (2012) claimed that some family and school were worried about the speed and book o f road traffic. Cyclingblog(2011) said that almost all children had a bike of some sort yet it was estimated that less than 1% of school children actually cycle to school. In addition, surveys of school travel appeared to suggest that up to 50% of children would like to travel by bicycle, so there appeared to be an issue somewhere. Cyclingblog(2011) discussed that the main concern centre around the perception of UK roads being dangerous or active discouragement by school themselves. Parents were afraid of allowing school children to cycle to school said fears were often illogical as the roads were not as dangerous as they were led to believe. as well, cycling to school was not a necessary and only way on the same route that was taken by mum who drives kids to school by themselves. According to Bikeability(2013), a victim of economic cuts, there were still cycle instructors our there working hard to teach children good cycling technique. Those children who lived within 2 miles of th eir school, particularly primary schools and this therefore offered the trained child cyclist the perfect experience that will increased over time and lead to better equipped adult cyclists. The problem of at what age should a child be allowed to cycle to school maybe a contentious one, however, with children cycling to school run there was clearly the opportunity of riding together as a group, which provided that extra safety in numbers.The other main reason cycling to school was taken up by so few children was the stance taken by the majority of schools, particularly baby and junior schools. Many schools discourage cycling through promotion of short(p) road safety advice and their lack of bicycle storage facilities. Schools could not lawfully ban cycling to school they had no right to decide how people arrived to and from their home. What normally schools could do was ban bicycles from the school area or they could actually ban by not providing anywhere to park their bicycle fi rmly and safely. The cost of installing bicycle parking stands was not challenging, once installed they need very little of maintenance and upkeep. The legal position was that schools were not unresistant for students travelling independently to or from school that meant that a school would be liable for a student on a school-operated bus, but it was not liable for a student cycling on his or her own. Furthermore, schools were not liable for theft or damage caused to bicycles on school grounds, just as schools were not liable for theft or damage to a students jacket theft in a classroom or the draw case in their bag. Cyclingblog(2011) suggested that if more children cycling to school what was needed was a proactive attitude, better facilities at schools and infrastructure on the way to school along with continued cycle training. More importantly was parents to understand that cycling itself was safe and encouraging children to be active in an age when the TV or games console was t he first point of call.Transport TravelRiding the bike to a location was popular in all around the world. Instead of travelling by airplane, train or ship, traveler who rode a bike has much greater fun and exciting experience. Many people became interesting with the idea of traveling by bicycle but did not know where to get started. The Adventure Cycling Association (2013) suggested that experienced riders know the simplicity of bike travel was one of its great joys, but to the fishy newcomer this new world of possibility could appear confusing. Bicycle travel was attractive for many reasons an exciting challenge that allowed people to explore new landscapes and cultures, built physical fitness, and experienced the joy of breathing fresh air and meeting new people in some point. The author of nonsocial Planet (2012) said that bike travel gave you heaps of freedom, plus it was eco-friendly and a great form of exercise. No doubt travelling with bike was a forceful thing to do, so t raveler must need a plan before started. Importance of recognized the risks and time, because you could not take a year off to bike somewhere. Same any other way of trip, traveler must have to confirm that the time you allot was suitable for the place you would like to go. Since bike had been traveling by people in recent years, there were plenty of bike routes maps on the internet and some provide by organization. Bike route helped a lot when you were formulation the specific bike tour. Guide bike tour could be found as well if you preferred. Made sure to go where actually aforethought(ip) to go, not ride to a destination because of convenience or in passing. Self preparing before the trip was important as well. Helmet, cycling clothing, phone, snacks, water, head (if overseas), backpack and etc. Depending on the place you traveling to, also the location and weather which would ride pass. If it was more than a day, you might need to check hotels, hostels or campground. Some or ganization set out maps that helped traveler to regain a place to stay at the end of every day journey, depending on how well the plan was. If you were biking across the desert, some tent and camping would be needed. And food, all of which was going to increased the weight of the pack. Make sure if you had a heavier load to carry, your bike could support it. To help you determine barely how much could handle, taking some rides with predicted weight that would be carrying. The good thing about cycling was the cyclist did not need to be a superman to cycling around. However, training on bicycle before the trip would be a free insurance. The best to do was to be realistic about what people actually could do and create achievable goals. One of the pleasures of bike travel was that riding into progressively better and better shapes as you go. The varies of how far can you ride in a day depending on the overall fitness, personal goals, the style of touring and the terrain(Adventure Cyc ling Association,2013). With a bit of bicycle training, an average physically fit adult carrying more than 18 pounds of other gears on their bike could expect to travel at an average pace of 65 miles per day on roads and still had time to stop and enjoyed the view. With more gear about 35 pounds. The average pace to plan for should be lowered to 55miles per day. Also if the terrain was particularly flat or mountainous, the average would increase or decrease accordingly. Experienced bicycle travelers could ride further, but for most people, planning to exceed these averages had a tendency to increase the physical challenge and decrease the enjoyment. Always plan the time in the day and days off in the trip, for unexpected challenges and good opportunities. A bicycle tour certainly needed a good bike to ride on many types of bicycle could be used for touring. Although some bicycle were specifically designed for touring, most quality bike could be customized for touring use, with the excommunication of road racing bikes, as they pay attention on weight saving and quick handling over durability and comfort. For conclusion, the choice of bicycle was based on type of touring and personal preference. Although cycling travel was a good activity, the death rate was surprisingly high in 2000. Most common cycling accidents were cyclist rode into the highway of vehicle, motorist emerging into path of cyclist and turning across path of cyclist, child cyclist play or riding too fast, etc. According to the survey done by DETR(Secretary state for the environment, transport and regions), deaths rate per billion journey of bicycle was 170. Reports showed those cyclist casualties in the UK Killed, 170 seriously wound 3085, slightly injured the sum of casualties was 19215. These figures only counted the numbers of cyclists who killed or injured in road accidents and were reported to the police, even when the cyclist was injured badly enough to be taken to hospital. The figure was not included cycling accidents what happened on other places instead of road. Rospa(2012) reported that around 15% of the cyclist killed and injured were children, cycling accidents increased as children grow older. Meaning there was a risk of cycling from kids to adult, even more dangerous until about the age of 60. On the other hand, most cycling accidents happened in urban areas where most cycling took places, more than half death or serious accidents occurred in urban areas. Data from The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (2012) showed that more than 20% of cyclists killed or seriously injured were involved in collisions at, or near, a road junction, with T junctions being the most commonly involved. And roundabouts were particularly dangerous junctions for cyclists. Besides of personal casualties, cycling helped a lot for the environment.Eco-friendlyWorlds major problem was pollution. Different modes of transport such as cars, buses, trams, trains and others ca used noise pollution, heavy air pollution and depart massive degree Celsius footprints. Organization such as Bicycle NSW Environmental Trust helped and promoted bicycle riding as an environmentally skilful means of transport. Cycling did not require any fuel or emitted any poisonous gases as well it had practically no carbon footprint. For a fresh air to breath and pure water to drink, a reduction in all those pollution levels was essential. Cycling was an environmentally as well as eco friendly mode of transport. Day by day, the cost of fuels was rising quickly. In such situation, cycling was a cheap mode of transport, ideal for short local trips and made up of our everyday journeys. According to European Environment Agency (EEA, 2003), the transport sector in the UK was both the fastest growing consumer of energy and the fastest growing producer of babys room gases. Air pollution was not happening in a country but in globally, everyone had responsible for it and need to improve it as soon as possible. The national cycling charity claimed (CTC, 1991) that the main atmospheric pollants emitted by motor vehicles were hydrocarbons, carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides, Ozone, particulates, acidic compounds and Carbon Dioxide, all of which had a detrimental impact upon the environment. These issues affected the world everyday and causing environment problems including global warming, acid rain and greenhouse effect etc. private road a car had a seri